Skip to main content

Cardiac situs and versions and positions (24)

There are three possible arrangements:
  • Solitus (normal)
  • Inversus (mirror image of normal), and
  • Ambiguous (not clearly solitus or inversus). Here the thoracic and abdominal organs cannot be lateralized and have neither the normal nor mirror image arrangement.



 CARDIAC ORIENTATION-Relationship or axis of the base to the apex of the heart
Levocardia is defined as a normal cardiac position with the cardiac base-to-apex axis pointing from upper right to lower left.
Dextrocardia refers to a heart with the base-to-apex axis pointing from the upper left to the lower right.

Mesocardia refers to a heart that is usually in the midline with the base-to-apex axis directly from superior to inferior.


So, the normal arrangement is Situs Solitus with Levocardia
And the mirror image of it is called Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia

LAST 3 POINTS ( most important ones actually )
1) The normal arrangement is Situs Solitus with Levocardia
And the mirror image of it is called Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia
2) Situs solitus with dextrocardia is termed "dextroversion" and situs inversus with levocardia is called "levoversion".
3) In "Dextroposition", axis of the heart is normal but heart is located in the right chest due right lung hypoplasia or collapse (which pulls the heart) or a pathology in the left chest which pushes the heart to the right.

Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

ECG Quiz

Case History:  A 46-year old female presents with history of palpitations.  At the time of palpitations, she also had rapid neck pulsations.  She presented to emergency and an ECG was done.  What are the findings?  What is the diagnosis?   Click here to reveal the answer The ECG shows a regular narrow complex tachycardia (ventricular rate of approximately 250/min). The P waves are not clearly visible, but there is a small deflection at the end of QRS in various leads. In lead I, this is pseudo r' and in leads this is pseudo s wave. The patient was found to have AVNRT on EPS and slow pathway was ablated successfully.  
Post a Comment
Read more

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Peripartum Cardiomyopathy  (PPCM) •         Usually develops in last month of pregnancy or first 5 months post-delivery. •         Presents as heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (dilated cardiomyopathy) ↳        LV EF < 45%  •         PPCM is a diagnosis of exclusion. •         Risk factors → 1-      History of Hypertension, Pre-eclampsia 2-      Black women •         Incidence → 1 in 2000 live births. •         Management → 1.       Guideline directed medical therapy for HF- Beta-blockers Hydralazine plus isosorbide dinitrate  Diuretics 2.       Bromocriptine 3.       Low threshold for anticoagulation 4. ...
Post a Comment
Read more

MCQ

 Cardiology MCQ Q. Which of the following leads is not an inferior lead in ECG? A. Lead II B. Lead III C. Lead aVF D. Lead aVR Click the button below to view answer Show answer Correct answer is option D. Lead aVR
Post a Comment
Read more