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What is third Mogul sign? (20)


It refers to an extra mogul or bump along the upper left cardiac silhouette just below the left main bronchus in CXR.

CAUSES in order of importance:-

1-enlargement of LA Appendage
2-Partial pericardial defect
3-Right ventricular outflow tract dilatation as in Ebstein, EMF, Post TOF repair
4-Asymmetric septal hypertrophy
5-Pericardial hydatid
6-LV aneurysm (mycotic which usually involves the free wall)
7-Coronary artery aneurysm
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